Swift is a new programming language for development of iOS and OS X app which has been introduced by Apple in the WWDC 2014 yesterday.It is an object-oriented programming language which is built on the best of C and Objective-C, without the constraints of C compatibility.
Apple is currently using Objective-C programming language for developing their Apple iOS and OS x apps but swift is much faster and safer than Objective-C programming language.
Swift uses the same compiler, run time environment and Cocoa and Cocoa Touch of Objective-C because Swift code works side-by-side with Objective-C. Swift provides us an opportunity to re-imagine how software development works.
If we compare Objective-C and Swift programming language then Swift is much faster than Objective-C which makes it easier and faster than current programming language used for development of iOS and OS X app.
Apple added new, modern features in Swift Programming Language to make programming easier, more flexible, and more fun. Swift is fast, modern, designed for safety and interactive playgrounds for the development of iOS and OS X app.
1. Modern
Swift programming language has an automatic memory management to manage the memories and there is no need to provide any semi-colons at the end of every statement. Many other features added by apple in swift to make it easier, modern and expressive are as under
- Closures
- Generics
- Multiple Return Types
- Namespace
- Type Inference
2. Designed for safety
In Swift programming language before using variable we first initialize by use of simple-three character keyword for a definite variable to make it easier.
For Example: define variable (var) and constant(let).
Safe patterns are used in Swift to make Cocoa and Cocoa Touch API more powerful and safe. Because of this iOS and MAC apps have become easier and safer than ever before.
3. Faster and Powerful
Swift uses high-performance LLVM compiler for fast execution of program. Swift code transforms into optimized native code for fast computation. Syntax and standard library are also turned to write code and perform to the best.
Swift takes the best features from the C and Objective-C languages. Types, flow control, and operators are low-level primitives to make it faster. It also provides object-oriented features such as classes, protocols, and generics to get the performance and power they demand.
4. Interactive Playgrounds
Playgrounds make code simple, flexible and more fun. Because of playground, developers can write code and see the outputs immediately on the same screen as the apps. If a developer applies loop, they can watch its process on timeline display as a graph which draws each step of computation. If the developer is satisfied with the code in playground, they can use that code in their project.
Using playgrounds, developers can design new algorithms, get immediate output of every step, verify codes, edit and modify new APIs which help the developers to enhance their Swift coding skills.
For Example:-
The first program in all programming language is to print "Hello, world" on the screen. In Swift Programming Langauge we can write the program in single line.
println("Hello, world")
println("Hello, world")
We don't need to import any separate library for it. This code is written at global scope so we don't need a main function and there is no need to write semi-colons at the end of every statement.
Apple has published a book for learning Swift called "The Swift Programming Language" which is available for the developers to get started with the development of apps. Swift is included in Xcode 6 beta version.
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